About the region

Cherkassy region

Cherkassy Oblast is located in the heart of Ukraine, in the middle Dnieper basin and it covers an area of 20 900 square kilometers, it is 3.5% of the total territory of Ukraine. It was formed from suburban regions such as Vinnitsa, Kiev, Kirovograd and Poltava on the 7th of January 1954. This is one of the youngest regions of Ukraine. Its area is 20.9 thousand square kilometers. km (3,5% of the territory of Ukraine). The population is 1463.7 thousand people (2,9% of Ukraine's population), including urban population 801.1 thousand people (54,7%), rural population is 662.6 thousand people (45,3%) . The Population density is 70.7 persons per sq. km.

This is one of the youngest regions of Ukraine.

It is located in the central part of Ukraine, in the middle Dnieper basin. It borders on Kiev in the north, in the west it borders on Vinnitsa, in the south it borders on Kirovohrad and in the east it borders on Poltava.

In respect of administrative and territorial the region is divided into 20 districts, it has 16 cities, including 6 regional value (Cherkassy, Smela, Uman, Kanev, Vatutine and Zolotonosha), 15 towns and 826 villages.

The administrative center is Cherkassy,it appeared at the end of the XIII century, the city is from 1795. 309.4 thousand people live in Cherkassy.

Right-bank part of the area lies within the Prednieper hills with significant development of erosive forms of relief. Left-bank part - within the Dnieper lowland, is a flat, slightly wavy plain, marshy here and there. Bowels of Cherkassy region are rich in natural resources, especially rock products. Among fuel resources mark out fields of brown coal and peat. At the region there are significant reservers of construction materials. The region has deposits of clay suitable for the manufacture of ceramics. At Cherkaschine there is the unique in size, quality of raw materials and the spectra of its application deposit of bentonitic clay.

The climate is temperate continental, characterized by mild winter with frequent thaws, warm summers and rapid drought.

The main water way is the Dnipro, which is within the area takes a lot of tributaries. The rivers of the western part of the area belong to the basin of the Southern Bug.

The geographical position of the current Cherkassy region on the southern border of the spread of Slavic civilization (river Ros) determined the complex history of the region. In 1239-1240 the whole territory of Cherkaschiny was ravaged by the Mongol-Tatar invasion. In 1648, Cossack hetman Bohdan Khmelnitsky made his residence in Chigirin, which became the political capital of Ukraine for the period 1648-1660. Down to the beginning of the XIX century there was a struggle for this land between different cultures. Taras Shevchenko and Bohdan Khmelnytsky were born here. Just from here Cossacks took its biginning.

In the first half of the XIX century Cherkaschina became the center of sugar refining. In 1929, Right-bank Cherkaschina joined to the Kiev region, left-bank joined to the Kharkov region. By 1937, to the newly created Poltava region went left-bank Cherkaschina. In 1939 Kamensky and Chigirinsky regions went to the Kirovohrad region. The 7th of January 1954 was formed Cherkassy region, which includes three cities of regional subordination (Cherkassy, Smela, Uman) and 30 districts of Kiev, Poltava, Kirovograd and Vinnytsya regions.

In general for Cherkassy there is a tendency of population reduction in recent years, but it is not catastrophic as in some other regions of Ukraine. Natural population decline affects mostly on the decline of region population, migration outflows have less influence.

Compared with the average rates of Ukraine the age structure of Cherkassy region is characterized by a lower proportion of working-age population and a higher proportion of people over working age.

Ethnically most of the population constitute the Ukrainians, their part is slightly higher than 90%. Almost all administrative districts of the region have the proportion of Ukrainians over than 90%, only in the cities of regional subordination it is less.

The second largest population group is Russian (8%). They mainly live in urban areas. The highest part of them is in the regional center.

By the number of Belarusians Jews and others are marked out among other nationalities.

The largest number of religious communities comprises the Moscow Patriarchate of Ukrainian Orthodox Church, the Evangelical Christians-Baptists, the Kiev Patriarchy of Ukrainian Orthodox Church is only on the third place, then the Seventh Day Adventists, the Ukrainian Autocephalous Church follow. In addition to these religious communities there are Jewish communities, the evangelical Christian faith, community, the Roman Catholic Church at the region.

As the ratio of urban and rural population the region can be attributed to the rural areas. Urban and rural settelments form a common system of resettlement of the region. And all settlements of the region geographically, in manufacturing and service people are arranged so that a unified system of separation can be identified two subband with their gravity centers: Cherkassy and Umanskii, located in the south-west of the region. Cherkassy concentrates up to 70% of the total region population. Here are most of the cities of regional subordination. Cherkassy, Smela, Kanev, Zolotonosha. Up to 30% of the total population live in Umanskii area. It should be noted that Uman is the second largest city of Cherkassy region by numbers, although less than it nearly 3 times.

Cherkassy region is one of the leading manufacturers of agricultural and food industries, especially sugar in Ukraine. Industry of the region is represented mainly by the food industry. There are more than a dozen large and medium-capacity sugar factories. Among other branches of industry should be marked out a chemical complex, which is represented by a number of enterprises, two very large are marked out of them. They are PC "Azot" and PC "Cherkassy Khimvolokno".

Agriculture specializes in cultivation of corn-beet and livestock meat and dairy. Cherkassy and Kherson regions are leaders by broke territory in Ukraine.

Main attractions: Shevchenkivskyi National Park in Kanev, the national reserve "Chigirin" State Historical and Cultural Museum-Reserve "Homeland Shevchenko," State Historical and Cultural Reserve "Trahtemirev and others
Cherkassy is the regional center of the Cherkassy region.
It is located approximately 180 kilometers to the southeast of Kiev, on the right bank of the Dnieper. The population is 290.9 thousand people (2007).

The territory, which the city occupies, was settled about 4 000 years ago by Scythian tribes, it is evidenced by archaeological relics.

The city was founded in the times of Kievan Rus.

Throughout its existence, the city many times disappeared from the face of the earth and rebuilt anew. A few buildings came till today, built in the XIX century and earlier buildings are preserved only on the old card and in the written evidences.

The system of streets and squares of old part of city is one of the few monuments of city art of the beginning of the XIX century in Ukraine. The general development plan of Cherkassy has been developed by B. Gösta in 1815, it intended wide, long streets, intersecting at right angles. Similarly, the ancient Roman streets of cities were laid out in a similar way.

Modern Cherkassy is one of the major industrial centers of Ukraine, where mechanical engineering, chemical, light and food industriesare developed. The chemical, machinery, light industry and food industry determine specialization of the city. An artificial fiber, chemicals, nitrogen fertilizers, household chemicals are produced in the city. Also, there are enterprises producing canned, refined sugar, telegraph equipment, construction equipment, furniture, etc.

In Cherkassy Regional Museum, which opened in May of 1918, you can see the ancient treasures of this land, and there are a collection of exhibits of the region, department of sculpture and art gallery with paintings of famous artists in Cherkassy Art Museum.

In Cherkassy there is a unique monument of architecture it is a steel openwork hyperbolical water tower, which was built by the project of the great engineer and scientist Shukhov.

Cherkassy is located on the right high bank of the sublime of vast by area of the Kremenchug reservoir, which is one of the pleasure resort of citizens and tourists some places on the bank of the Dnieper are developed for beaches. Kremenchug Hydroelectric Power Station was built in 1960. From Cherkassy to the left bank of the dam runs it is a mound of arched shape, the length is 16 km and the bridge with length of approximately 1 km is, which is designed for railway and road transport.

Cherkassy is a beautiful city surrounded by green parks, squares, streets.
It is beautiful in all seasons but especially in spring when chestnuts flower luxuriantly. The most lively place is the city center, where many shopping and entertainment facilities are.

In 1995, a monument to Bogdan Khmelnitsky was placed on the main street of Cherkassy to 400 years-anniversary of the hetman, the famous native of Cherkaschiny.

Cherkassy region is a favourite place of national poet Taras Shevchenko. Here he was born (in Zvenigorodskaya area), he often stayed with their friends. Many works written by him are about Cherkassk people about uprisings on the Right-Bank of Ukraine in 1768, about the People's struggle against enemies about the suffering of oppressed people. In the center of Cherkassy is a monument to Taras Grigorievich Shevchenko and from here all tourist excursions start.

CHERKASSY TOWN SOVIET

CHERKASSY REGION STATE ADMINISTRATION